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 he establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones
(NWFZs) contributes to controlling the spread of weapons of mass destruction and
is an important step towards a nuclear-weapon-free world. To date, treaties
establishing NWFZs exist:
the Treaty of Tlatelolco (Latin America and the
Caribbean NWFZ),
the Treaty of
Rarotonga (South Pacific Nuclear-Free Zone),
the Treaty of Bangkok
(Southeast Asia NWFZ),
the Treaty of Pelindaba (African NWFZ),
and the
Central Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (CANWFZ) Treaty. Of these
five treaties, the Pelindaba Treaty and the CANWFZ Treaty have yet to
enter into force. The newest treaty establishing the
CANWFZ, was signed
September 8, 2006 by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
at
Semipalatinsk, a former nuclear test site in Kazakhstan.
In addition to these NWFZ
treaties, other agreements, including
the Antarctic Treaty,
the Outer
Space Treaty,
the Moon Agreement, and
the Seabed
Treaty denuclearize and
demilitarize specific areas of the globe, as well as outer space. (Mongolia also
declares itself, and is internationally recognized, as a single-state
nuclear weapon-free zone.)
NWFZ protocol chart.
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In this tutorial, you will learn:
- The definition and characteristics of a NWFZ
- The relationship between NWFZs and
the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
(NPT)
- The process for establishing a NWFZ
- The history and current status of existing NWFZs
- The prospects and challenges for establishing future NWFZs
- The benefits of NWFZs and their role in nuclear nonproliferation and
disarmament
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This tutorial aims to help you understand the role
of NWFZs in enhancing regional as well as international security, while
strengthening nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament regimes. You will learn
the roles of international organizations, regional organizations, national
governments, and civil society in establishing and implementing NWFZs.
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